Food: This family has many vegetables like carrot, parsely, parsnip and sowa. The name is derived from the type genus Apium, which was originally used by Pliny the Elder circa 50 AD for a celery-like plant. / Vegetables & Fruits / Vegetables: The Carrot Family (Apiaceae)—Roots and Herbs. The alternative name for the family, Umbelliferae, derives from the inflorescence being generally in the form of a compound umbel. Several genera are preferred larval host plants for the Queen Butterfly (Danaus gilippus). Of all the plant species that have been reported to induce phytophotodermatitis, approximately half belong to the family Apiaceae.[13]. The fruits are ridged and are composed of two parts that split open at maturity. Background and aims Fruit structural characters have traditionally been important in the taxonomy of the family Apiaceae. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, simple or compound; lamina often large and highly dissected; petiole often broadened and sheathing at base, rarely with stipules. Carrots are high in vitamin A and beta-carotene (which makes carrots orange). Many plants in the Apiaceae family have beautiful umbellate flowers that are especially attractive to beneficial insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings. the Apiaceae and Araliaceae. The fruits of some plants are used as condiments whereas the other plants are of medicinal value: 1. The woody Azorella compacta Phil. The small flowers usually have both pollen-bearing or ovule-bearing parts. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach. Academic Press, London. The fruit of the Apiaceae consists of a cremocarp-a dry dehiscent fruit that splits into a pair of indehiscent mericarps at maturity; the mericarps remaining attached to the carpophore (fruit stalk - specifically a forked structure that elongates as the fruit develops and from which the mericarps will be suspended). Family Apiaceae. The flowers are nearly perfectly pentamerous, with five petals, sepals, and stamens. In the Willamette Valley, the carrot-like roots of the genera Lomatium were… Among these, the most important is conium (Hemlock). The distribution of furanocoumarins within a plant is uneven. Apiales: Apiaceae. How compression is referenced varies by author. Subspecies within Daucus carota also hybridize, which adds to difficulties in identification of this plant. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,700 species in 434 genera[1] including such well-known and economically important plants such as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct.[2]. andromonoecious, polygamomonoecious, or even dioecious, Learn how and when to remove this template message, The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval, http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/bfly/bfly2/eastern_black_swallowtail.htm#life, "Phytophotodermatitis: When plants and light affect the skin", "Sun-related Skin Condition Triggered by Chemicals in Certain Plants, Fruits", "Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products", "Don't touch these plants! The leaves are alternate, usually divided, and have a sheathing base. Constance, L. (1971). It is most commonly grown for its fragrant leaves, but is also... Coming Soon! in simple or compound umbel, and indehiscent fruits or seeds with oil ducts (Christensen and Brandt, 2006). One reason is because the tiny flowers clustered into umbels, are well suited for ladybugs, parasitic wasps, and predatory flies, which actually drink nectar when not reproducing. The petals may be white, yellow, pink, or purple in color. All images and text © [i] Edible Apiaceae include anise, caraway, carrots, celery, cilantro, cumin, dill, fennel, parsley, and parsnips. Division: Angiosperm. Forty authors working in 13 countries participated to first cover the taxonomy and botany of the family as a whole, followed by detailed coverage of the carrot, the major crop, which takes up about half of the book. The family was one of the first to be recognized as a distinct group in Jacques Daleschamps' 1586 Historia generalis plantarum. (1968). Dill ( Anethum graveolens ). It is used as a vegetable. Cilantro is a fast growing annual in the Apiaceae family, related to carrots, parsley, and celery. The Apiaceae is one of the major families for culinary herbs and root crops. In light of such evidence, one inclusive family is recognized here—Apiaceae. in Heywood, V. H. LAMIACEAE or LABIATAE: MINT FAMILY These characters were optimized over trees derived from maximum parsimony analysis of chloroplast DNA trnQ-trnKsequences from 94 accessions of Apiaceae. (We’ll be looking at other … The seeds may be used in cuisine, as with coriander (Coriandrum sativum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), and caraway (Carum carvi). [7] The name is derived from the type genus Apium, which was originally used by Pliny the Elder circa 50 AD for a celery-like plant. [8] The alternative name for the family, Umbelliferae, derives from the inflorescence being generally in the form of a compound umbel. They are found in the roots, petioles, stems, leaves, and fruits (Metcalfe, 1979). Sanicle Plante (Sanicula europaea L.) 2 mars 2019 par. Carrot Family Apiaceae. The flowers are arranged in an umbel, in which flowers arise on long pedicels (like the supports of an umbrella) to form a flat- or round-topped array of flowers. Each of these dry segments opens on their internal faces, exposing the five primary ribs and four alternating secondary ribs which are sometimes winged or corky. Needs water. While its taxonomy is somewhat contentious, the family is usually divided into four subfamilies based primarily on fruit type: Amygdaloideae, with drupes (fleshy stone fruits); Maloideae, with pomes (fruits in which the floral hypanthium becomes fleshy); Rosoideae, with achenes (dry fruits that do not open) or drupelets (small, aggregated drupes); and Spiraeoideae, with follicles (dry fruits that open on one side). Celery, carrot, and parsnip are vege… Traditionally groups within the family have been delimited largely based on fruit morphology, and the results from this have not been congruent with the more recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Apium graveolens: Itis cultivated in Himalayas, Uttaranchal, Himachal Pradesh and South India. Although many members of this family have distinctive vegetative and floral features, providing a useful key to identify the many genera in China presents several difficulties. Read More on This Topic. The Apiaceae is a large family of aromatic BIENNIAL or PERENNIAL HERBS. This view is proved on the fact that in both Apiaceae and Rubiaceae there is tendency of flowers to be aggregated into umbellate heads, reduction of calyx lobes, epigyny, pendulous ovule, bicarpellary ovary. ), celery (Apium graveolens), arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza), sea holly (Eryngium spp. You can add or remove search filters using the menu to the right. As the fruit matures, the clusters curve inward and the umbels become concave, then flat. "Systematic survey of Old World Umbelliferae." Apiaceae species have specific odours because they have secretory cavities (vittae), which are schizogenous oil ducts with resin, oil, or mucilage. No fresh manure, add rock phosphate/ashes. Category:Apiaceae (fruit) From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. About two-third of the species of Apiaceae are native to the Old World. Identify a weed; ... Fruit. Its roots and seeds are used medicinally. All rights reserved. The family Apiaceae throws some light on the origin of sympetalous advanced families like Rubiaceae and Asteraceae. Fodder: Several members of this family are important as forage plants for cattle and horses. Economic importance. The poisonous Oenanthe crocata has been used to stupefy fish, Cicuta douglasii has been used as an aid in suicides, and arrow poisons have been made from various other family species. Coriandrum sativum:It is chiefly grown in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Bihar and Uttar Pra… Subcategories. The fruit is a schizocarp consisting of two fused carpels that separate at maturity into two mericarps, each containing a single seed. Woodville, W. (1793) Medical Botany. Plants used for vegetables in this family … Fruits: Pistil(s) compound; 1; 1-pistillate; with carpels nearly separate to base. Related keywords. The family Apiaceae contributes several important food, essential oils and aromatic herbs to human race. Food: This family has many vegetables like carrot, parsely, parsnip and sowa. The fruit in most members of the family is a schizocarp, and splits into 2 seed-like pieces, whereas in others it is fleshy and contains 2-5 seeds. in part by the National Science Foundation. The family was one of the first to be recognized as a distinct group in Jacques Daleschamps' 1586 Historia generalis plantarum. It is much poisonous. Umbellifers family, Celery family, Carrot family, parsley family. The leaves may be petiolate or sessile. Jump to navigation Jump to search. The dark dot in the centre of the umbel is characteristic in Britain but may not be in Turkey and the Mediterranean. In the family Apiaceae, morphological and anatomical fruit characteristics and the number of vittae have reliable [ed. Can you please help us? Bupleurum. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ), asafoetida (Ferula asafoetida), galbanum (Ferula gummosa), cicely (Myrrhis odorata), anise (Pimpinella anisum), lovage (Levisticum officinale), and hacquetia (Hacquetia epipactis).[5]. … Styles 2, usually swollen at the base forming a stylopodium which often secretes nectar. Many plants of this family are condiments or vegetables with some of them having medicinal properties. 40% beta-carotene is released when cooked compared to just 3% when eating raw carrots. Apiaceae was first described by John Lindley in 1836. If you already know what group your plant is in, start with the clickable plant map to find your plant more quickly. With Robert Morison's 1672 Plantarum umbelliferarum distribution nova it became the first group of plants for which a systematic study was published. The family is easily recognized by its usually compound leaves, umbellate inflorescence, 5-merous flowers with an inferior ovary, and distinctive fruit, but genera and species are often difficult to identify. Number of genera: 421 genera. Academic Press, London. The black swallowtail butterfly, Papilio polyxenes, uses the family Apiaceae for food and host plants for oviposition. ], The biology and chemistry of the Umbelliferae, 31–41. Fodder: Several members of this family are important as forage plants for cattle and horses. Sandy or loamy, well drained soil. This family is nearly cosmopolitan, though it is most common in temperate upland areas. Fennel fruits are sometimes confused with those of anise, which are similar in taste and appearance, though smaller. Other notable cultivated Apiaceae include chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), angelica (Angelica spp. The stem may be hollow at the nodes. Flowers are small, and fruit grows in two parts, which split when mature. The family Apiaceae also throws some light on the origin of sympetalous advanced families like Rubiaceae and Asteraceae (Compositae). Almost every widely cultivated plant of this group is a considered useful as a companion plant. That’s right; these diverse veggies are all closely related. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc. Nieto Feliner, Gonzalo; Jury, Stephen Leonard & Herrero Nieto, Alberto (eds. The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as water hemlock, poison hemlock, water dropwort and spotted cowbane. Flowering plants with a high sugar content in their nectar often support adult beneficial insects and butterflies. Generally, all members of this family are best cultivated in the cool-season garden; indeed, they may not grow at all if the soils are too warm. ], The biology and chemistry of the Umbelliferae, 1–11. Class: Magnoliopsida. Phototoxic species include Ammi majus, the parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) and numerous species of the genus Heracleum, especially the giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum). SITE; Novel Food Liste. Easily cross-pollinate. Ordinarily, the stems of the Umbelliferae family are hollow. Academic Press, London. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) Description et habitat. Plante des champs et coteaux incultes, aux tiges striées, rameuses, aux feuilles molles, supérieures divisées en lanières ; Fleurs blanches ou rosées, groupées en ombelles dont la fleur centrale est souvent pourpre, le fruit est un akène couvert d’aiguillons; Europe, Etats-Unis, Asie centrale; Histoire et tradition. The Apiaceae is the 13th largest family in B.C., with 61 taxa occurring in the province. This family is well known for its distinctive flavors due to the secretory cavities consisting of schizo genous oil ducts with resin, oil, or mucilage and located in the fruits, stems, leaves and roots (Berenba um, 1990). FRUITS; LAIT MIEL POISSONS & VIANDES; NUTRIMENTS; Plantes & Actifs; ALIMENTS. You can work down the taxonomic hierarchy from Major Group (to find out which Families belong to each), to Family (to work out which Genera belong to each) or Genus (to find out which Species belong to each). ), This page was last edited on 2 February 2021, at 16:47. Some are andromonoecious, polygamomonoecious, or even dioecious (as in Acronema), with a distinct calyx and corolla, but the calyx is often highly reduced, to the point of being undetectable in many species, while the corolla can be white, yellow, pink or purple. Members of this familar family have alternate leaves, widening at the The stems are often furrowed. Apiaceae was first described by John Lindley in 1836. Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav. Scandicinae (Apiaceae) Krzysztof Spalik, Aneta Wojewódzka, and Stephen R. Downie Abstract: Evolutionary relationships among 66 representatives of the family Apiaceae, including 37 species of tribe Scandiceae subtribe Scandicinae, were inferred from separate and combined analyses of fruit morphology and anatomy and nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Cronquist, A. Native Plant Trust or respective copyright holders. All plant parts are poisonous; however, the seeds contain the highest concentration of poison. Apiaceae Lindley 伞形科 san xing ke Authors: Menglan She, ... ovule in each locule. The fruit of the Umbelliferae family separates at maturity into two dry segments. The Apiaceae is a large family of aromatic BIENNIAL or PERENNIAL HERBS. The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants. Leaves are alternate, often very large, their petioles sheath the stems from the nodes. (1999). Economic importance. the Apiaceae and Araliaceae. The family Apiaceae also includes a smaller number of poisonous species, including poison hemlock, water hemlock, and fool's parsley. Apiaceae, commonly known as the carrot, or parsley, family, contains about 434 genera and nearly 3,780 species. Judd, W. S. et al. Many species produce essential oils in their leaves or fruits and as a result are flavourful aromatic herbs. Contact with plant parts that contain furanocoumarins, followed by exposure to sunlight, may cause phytophotodermatitis,[11][12] a serious skin inflammation. Daucus carota has been used as coloring for butter[citation needed]. "History of the classification of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)." With Robert Morison's1672 Plantarum umbelliferarum distribution nova it became t… Flowers are five-merous, small and arranged in a simple or compound umbel. But they are commonly found in sub-tropical, north temperate regions. Disseminule type: Fruit (intact or entire), or partial fruit - a segment of an entire fruit. Academic Press, London. Umbel of Coriandrum sativum showing strong zygomorphy (asymmetry) in the outer flowers. Jeera, Cumin is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae,Its seeds each one contained within a fruit, which is dried are used in the cuisines of many cultures and used as traditional medicine. [ed. Vegetatively, the Apiaceae are ordinarily characterized by hollow internodes, petioles with expanded ± sheathing bases, and resin canals, which are readily sensed in the aromatic foliage and often seen as prominent oil tubes on the fruit. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). characters examined include those of life history, vegetative morphology, infl orescences, and fruit morphology and anatomy. Economic Importance of Family –Apiaceae (Umbelliferae): The family is very important from the economic point of view. ... Pascilla peppers are fruit (berries) from a Pepper plant. Vegetative charactersthey all share include FURROWED STEMS with HOLLOW internodes, alternate compound leaves with enlarged +/- SHEATHING BASES. How compression is referenced varies by author. The fruits are used for extracting valuable oil and the seeds are used as spices. This family now includes species that were formerly placed in the Araliaceae. The family is solidly placed within the Apiales order in the APG III system. While higher contents are typically found in leaves and other green parts, the concentrations in fruits and roots are often markedly lower. They then prey upon insect pests on nearby plants. The gynoecium consists of two carpels fused into a single, bicarpellate pistil with an inferior ovary. Discover thousands of New England plants. Some members of the family Apiaceae, including carrot, celery, fennel, parsley and parsnip, contain polyynes, an unusual class of organic compounds that exhibit cytotoxic effects. Fruits: Cremocarp, oblong, ridged. Family: Apiaceae; Umbelliferae; Common name: parsley family [Zomlefer, pp. Heywood, V. H. (1971). [4] Commonly, their leaves emit a marked smell when crushed, aromatic to foetid, but absent in some species. In light of such evidence, one inclusive family is recognized here—Apiaceae. apiaceae. This view is proved on the fact that in both Apiaceae and Rubiaceae there is tendency of flowers to be aggregated into umbellate heads, reduction of calyx lobes, epigyny, etc. This category has the following 13 subcategories, out of 13 total. Every part of this plant especially fresh leaves and fruits contain a volatile oily alkali called conine. Vegetables: The Carrot Family (Apiaceae)—Roots and Herbs . The fruits of many species are dispersed by wind but others such as those of Daucus spp., are covered in bristles, which may be hooked in sanicle Sanicula europaea[3] and thus catch in the fur of animals. The subfamilial and tribal classification for the family is currently in a state of flux, with many of the groups being found to be grossly paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Some taxa have anomalous secondary thickening. One plant in the apiaceae family is hemlock, which poisoned the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates. Number of species (Mabberley 1997): 3100 species. The Apiaceae have a worldwide distribution. There are no stipules but the petioles are frequently sheathing and the leaves may be perfoliate. We have formally described it below as Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav. Many keys require mature fruits for definite identification. and fruits similar to those of Centella (Figs. [3]:35 Their leaves are of variable size and alternately arranged, or with the upper leaves becoming nearly opposite. The last 100 pages deal with 13 minor, but commercially important Apiaceae crops. Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. [10] The 22-spot ladybird is also commonly found eating mildew on these shrubs. Their stems, petioles, and fruits also contain abundant RESIN CANALS, which contain oils that make members of this family valuable in cooking and medicine. The seeds have an oily endosperm[5][6] and often contain essential oils, containing aromatic compounds that are responsible for the flavour of commercially important umbelliferous seed such as anise, cumin and coriander. Appearance Conium maculatum, Poison-Hemlock is a biennial herbaceous plant in the carrot family (Apiaceae) that grows 3-8 ft. (0.9-2.4 m) tall.Stems are stout, hollow, ridged, and purple-spotted. Six lookalikes you want to avoid", "Major lineages within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: a comparison of chloroplast restriction site and DNA sequence data", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apiaceae&oldid=1004444357, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2014, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles needing additional references from November 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The seeds are often winged or have appendages of long silky hairs. [ed. Common name: Carrot family or Celery or Parsley family or Umbelliferae Number of genera: This family includes 434 genera and about 3700 species Propagation type: Whole fruit or partial fruit Distribution: The members of this family Apiaceae are distributed in most parts of the world. Their stems, petioles, and fruits also contain abundant RESIN CANALS, which contain oils that make members of this family … [1], According to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website as of July 2014[update], 434 genera are in the family Apiaceae. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) The Carrot Family 446 genera 3,540 species Distribution: This family is nearly cosmopolitan, though it is most common in temperate upland areas. General Information. First, the classification of genera and generic groupings has been largely based on the morphology and anatomy of the fruit. The family is easily recognized by its usually compound leaves, umbellate inflorescence, 5-merous flowers with an inferior ovary, and distinctive fruit, but genera and species are often difficult to identify. Lindley, J. Class: Magnoliopsida. (not heavy clay). The parsley family (also known as the Apiaceae family or umbellifers, due to forming umbrella-like stem structures called umbels) is a huge plant group with over 3,700 species, some of which are familiar names in our kitchen: carrots, parsnips, and celery! Novel Food : Spécifications > Compléments Alimentaires & Super Aliments. Fruits of seven species of family Apiaceae were examined by the stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Poisons: Several members of this family give acrid watery juice. figs, representing the last family, is also used for human consumption. Apium graveolens L. or celery is a cultivated plant, commonly used as a vegetable throughout Africa. [citation needed]. D. By Danendra. Seed: Albuminous seed; Floral formula and Floral Diagram — ED or t, , K g or C 5, A 1. Toxicity Ecology. The fruit is a schizocarp of mericarps, supported by carpophores upon splitting. Synonyms: Umbelliferae APNI* Description: Annual, biennial or perennial herbs and shrubs. Although many members of this family have distinctive vegetative and floral features, providing a useful key to identify the many genera in China presents several difficulties. The shape and details of the ornamentation of the ripe fruits are important for identification to species level.[4]:802. We depend on About two-third of the species of Apiaceae are native to the Old World. Schizocarp compression is an important morphological character in this family. It has narcotic effects in animals. donations to help keep this site free and up to date for in Heywood, V. H. The leaves are alternate and pinnate usually, but sometimes palmate or simple. Carrot Family: Apiaceae Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) Click on images to enlarge . Stylopodia support two styles and secrete nectar, attracting pollinators like flies, mosquitoes, gnats, beetles, moths, and bees. 2021 In many species, the leaves give off a strong odor when crushed. Family: Apiaceae; Umbelliferae; Common name: parsley family [Zomlefer, pp. ], The biology and chemistry of the Umbelliferae, 267–277. Visit this family in the The flowers are usually perfect (hermaphroditic) and actinomorphic, but there may be zygomorphic flowers at the edge of the umbel, as in carrot (Daucus carota) and coriander, with petals of unequal size, the ones pointing outward from the umbel larger than the ones pointing inward. Most Apiaceae are annual, biennial or perennial herbs (frequently with the leaves aggregated toward the base), though a minority are woody shrubs or small trees such as Bupleurum fruticosum. The defining characteristic of this family is the inflorescence, the flowers nearly always aggregated in terminal umbels, that may be simple or more commonly compound, often umbelliform cymes. Hence this family is considered as economically important. The Apiaceae family includes poisonous plants and presents problems with identification. Apiaceae - Carrot or Parsley Family With about 75 genera occurring across North America, members of Apiaceae contain aromatic volatile oils and are used worldwide as spices or food. Plants also often have hollow stems. Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida. Plants of the Carrot Family (Formerly Umbelliferae) Family Characteristics: General: • Biennial to perennial herb • Stems, petioles, and fruits contain abundant resin canals • Wide range of edibility o highly edible (e.g. Although many members of this family have distinctive vegetative and floral features, providing a useful key to identify the many genera in China presents several difficulties. The fruit is called the schizocarp (Plant Classification, 1957). [1], Anise (Pimpinella anisum) from Woodville (1793)[9]. [14][15], Watson, L., Dallwitz, M.J. (1992 onwards). Your help is appreciated. Longman, London. If you're not sure what to do from here, take a look at this Help page for instructions. Description: Usually cooler season crop. It French, D. H. (1971). Go Botany: Native Plant Trust Number of genera: 421 genera. part of the plant will usually have a strong aroma of some sort - these aromas (and flavors, in some instances) of carrot, parsley, coriander, parsnip, ], The biology and chemistry of the Umbelliferae, 385–412. There are several food and spices in this family (as well as some of the deadliest poisons). This family now includes species that were formerly placed in the Araliaceae. The androecium consists of five stamens, but there is often variation in the functionality of the stamens even within a single inflorescence. in Heywood, V. H. The fruit in most members of the family is a schizocarp, and splits into 2 seed-like pieces, whereas in others it is fleshy and contains 2-5 seeds. That’s right; these diverse veggies are all closely related. The fruit in Apiaceae is a dry schizocarp termed as cremocarp, dividing into two one-seeded mericarps that often remaining suspended at the top from a carpophore (Singh, 2010) . Guide to the Apiaceae Family . Apiaceae Plants of the Parsley or Carrot Family (Previously known as the Umbel Family: Umbelliferae) The Parsley Family includes some wonderful edible plants like the carrot and parsnip, plus more aromatic spices found in your spice cabinet, such as anise, celery, chervil, coriander, caraway, cumin, dill, fennel and of course, parsley. There are oil tubes which are present in the intervals between the ribs that are either dorsally or laterally flattened. apiaceae. "Ethnobotany of the Umbelliferae." The Apiaceae are distinctive in being herbs, with sheathing leaves (compound or simple, often decompound), the inflorescence usually an involucrate compound umbel [rarely a head, simple umbel, or reduced] with actinomorphic flowers having a 2-carpellate and 2-loculate, inferior ovary, each carpel with one, apical-axile, pendulous ovule, the fruit a schizocarp of mericarps. C. maculatum has a thick, white taproot that may easily be mistaken for wild parsnips. The tiny fruit are somewhat egg shaped, slightly flattened, and mostly 1/8 to 1/6 inch (3–4 mm) long. (1836) An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany, 2nd Edition. First, the classification of genera and generic groupings has been largely based on the morphology and anatomy of the fruit. APIACEAE (parsely family) FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS. Vegetatively, the Apiaceae are ordinarily characterized by hollow internodes, petioles with expanded ± sheathing bases, and resin canals, which are readily sensed in the aromatic foliage and often seen as prominent oil tubes on the fruit. Fruit: Cremocarp. Seed: Albuminous seed; Floral formula and Floral Diagram — ED or t, , K g or C 5, A 1. The greatest diversity of the Apiaceae is in North America. 3-4 Apiaceae Page | 116 Apiaceae carrot family Nearly 3000 aromatic species comprise this family, of mostly herbaceous plants.